Inweta nnabata NIST na igwe ojii: atụmatụ na ntụle
Ịgagharị n'ime maze nke nnabata na oghere dijitalụ bụ ezigbo ihe ịma aka nke ndị otu ọgbara ọhụrụ na-eche ihu, ọkachasị gbasara National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Usoro nchekwa Cyber.
Ntuziaka mmeghe a ga-enyere gị aka inweta nghọta ka mma maka NIST Cybersecurity Framework na otu esi enweta nnabata NIST n'igwe ojii. Ka anyị banye.
Kedu ihe bụ NIST Cybersecurity Framework?
NIST Cybersecurity Framework na-enye nkọwapụta maka otu dị iche iche ka ha zụlite na melite mmemme njikwa ihe egwu cybersecurity. Ezubere ya ka ọ bụrụ mgbanwe, nke nwere ngwa dị iche iche na ụzọ dị iche iche iji kwado mkpa nchekwa cyber pụrụ iche nke nzukọ ọ bụla.
Ihe mejupụtara usoro a bụ akụkụ atọ - isi, Tiers mmejuputa, na profaịlụ. Nke a bụ ntụle nke ọ bụla:
Framework Core
Framework Core gụnyere ọrụ ise bụ isi iji nye usoro dị irè maka ijikwa ihe egwu cybersecurity:
- Chọpụta: Na-agụnye ịzụlite na ịmanye a amụma cybersecurity nke na-akọwapụta ihe ize ndụ cybersecurity nke nzukọ ahụ, atụmatụ iji gbochie na jikwaa mwakpo cyber, yana ọrụ na ọrụ nke ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu nwere ohere ịnweta data siri ike nke nzukọ.
- Chebe: Na-agụnye ịmepụta na imejuputa atụmatụ nchekwa zuru oke iji belata ihe egwu nke mwakpo cybersecurity. Nke a na-agụnyekarị ọzụzụ cybersecurity, njikwa nnweta siri ike, izo ya ezo, nyocha ule, na emelite ngwanro.
- Chọpụta: Na-agụnye mmepe na imejuputa mmemme kwesịrị ekwesị mgbe niile iji mata mwakpo cyber ngwa ngwa o kwere mee.
- Zaa: Na-agụnye ịmepụta atụmatụ zuru oke na-akọwapụta usoro ị ga-eme na mwakpo cybersecurity.
- Nweta: Na-agụnye ịmepụta na itinye ihe omume kwesịrị ekwesị iji weghachi ihe ihe omume ahụ metụtara, melite omume nchekwa, na ịga n'ihu na-echebe megide mwakpo cybersecurity.
N'ime ọrụ ndị ahụ bụ ngalaba na-akọwapụta ihe omume cybersecurity, ngalaba nke na-emebi mmemme ahụ ka ọ bụrụ nsonaazụ ziri ezi, yana ntụzịaka ozi na-enye ihe atụ bara uru maka ngalaba nke ọ bụla.
Tiers mmejuputa Framework
Tiers mmejuputa Framework na-egosi otu otu nzukọ si ele ma jikwaa ihe egwu cybersecurity. Enwere Tiers anọ:
- Ọkwa 1: Akụkụ: Obere mmata ma na-emejuputa njikwa ihe egwu cybersecurity n'otu n'otu n'otu n'otu.
- Ọkwa 2: Amaara ihe ize ndụ: Mmata na omume njikwa ihe egwu cybersecurity dị mana ahazibeghị ya.
- Nkeji 3: Enwere ike imegharị: Atụmatụ njikwa ihe egwu nke ụlọ ọrụ zuru oke ma na-emelite ha mgbe niile dabere na mgbanwe n'ihe achọrọ azụmaahịa yana mpaghara egwu egwu.
- Ọkwa 4: Nkwado: Na-achọpụta ngwa ngwa ma buo amụma egwu yana kwalite omume cybersecurity dabere na mmemme ọgbakọ gara aga na ugbu a yana na-ebulite iyi egwu cybersecurity, teknụzụ na omume.
Profaịlụ Framework
Profaịlụ Framework na-akọwapụta nhazi usoro nhazi nke otu ụlọ ọrụ na ebumnuche azụmahịa ya, nnabata ihe egwu cybersecurity, yana akụrụngwa. Enwere ike iji profaịlụ kọwaa ọnọdụ njikwa cybersecurity dị ugbu a yana ebumnuche.
Profaịlụ dị ugbu a na-egosi ka otu nzukọ si ejikwa ihe egwu cybersecurity ugbu a, ebe Profaịlụ Target na-akọwapụta nsonaazụ otu nzukọ chọrọ iji nweta ebumnuche njikwa ihe egwu cybersecurity.
Nkwenye NIST na igwe ojii vs. On-Premise Systems
Ọ bụ ezie na enwere ike itinye NIST Cybersecurity Framework na teknụzụ niile, ígwé ojii Mgbakọ pụrụ iche. Ka anyị nyochaa ihe ole na ole kpatara nrube isi NIST na igwe ojii ji dị iche na akụrụngwa n'ime ụlọ ọdịnala:
Ọrụ nchekwa
Site na sistemu ime ụlọ ọdịnala, onye ọrụ na-ahụ maka nchekwa niile. Na igwe ojii, a na-ekekọrịta ọrụ nchekwa n'etiti onye na-ahụ maka ọrụ igwe ojii (CSP) na onye ọrụ.
Yabụ, ebe CSP na-ahụ maka nchekwa “nke” igwe ojii (dịka ọmụmaatụ, sava anụ ahụ, akụrụngwa), onye ọrụ na-ahụ maka nchekwa “n'ime” igwe ojii (dịka, data, ngwa, njikwa ohere).
Nke a na-agbanwe nhazi NIST Framework, n'ihi na ọ na-achọ atụmatụ ga-eburu akụkụ abụọ ahụ n'uche na ntụkwasị obi na njikwa nchekwa na usoro CSP yana ike ya iji nọgide na-akwado NIST.
Ebe data
Na usoro ọdịnala ọdịnala, nzukọ a nwere njikwa zuru oke ebe echekwara data ya. N'ụzọ dị iche, enwere ike ịchekwa data igwe ojii n'ebe dị iche iche n'ụwa niile, na-eduga na nrubeisi dị iche iche dabere na iwu na ụkpụrụ mpaghara. Ndị otu ga-eburu n'uche nke a mgbe ha na-edobe nrubeisi NIST n'igwe ojii.
Scalability na elasticity
Emebere gburugburu ígwé ojii ka ọ bụrụ nke ukwuu na ngbanwe. Ọdịdị dị ike nke ígwé ojii pụtara na njikwa nchekwa na atumatu kwesịrị ịdị na-agbanwe agbanwe na akpaaka, na-eme ka NIST nrubeisi na igwe ojii bụrụ ọrụ siri ike karị.
Multitenancy
N'ígwé ojii, CSP nwere ike ịchekwa data sitere na ọtụtụ òtù (multitenancy) n'otu ihe nkesa ahụ. Ọ bụ ezie na nke a bụ ihe a na-emekarị maka sava igwe ojii, ọ na-ewebata ihe ize ndụ ndị ọzọ na mgbagwoju anya maka idobe nchekwa na nnabata.
Ụdị ọrụ igwe ojii
Nkewa nke ọrụ nchekwa na-agbanwe dabere n'ụdị ụdị ọrụ igwe ojii ejiri - Akụrụngwa dị ka Ọrụ (IaaS), Platform dị ka Ọrụ (PaaS), ma ọ bụ Software dị ka Ọrụ (SaaS). Nke a na-emetụta ka nzukọ a si eme Framework.
Atụmatụ maka inweta nnabata NIST na igwe ojii
Nyere ihe dị iche iche nke igwe ojii, ndị otu kwesịrị itinye usoro dị iche iche iji nweta nnabata NIST. Nke a bụ ndepụta nke atụmatụ iji nyere ọgbakọ gị aka iru ma nọgide na-agbaso ụkpụrụ NIST Cybersecurity Framework:
1. Ghọta Ọrụ Gị
Wepụta ọdịiche dị n'etiti ọrụ CSP na nke gị. Dịka, CSP na-ejikwa nchekwa akụrụngwa igwe ojii ka ị na-ejikwa data gị, ohere onye ọrụ na ngwa gị.
2. Na-eduzi nyocha nchekwa mgbe niile
Nyochaa nchekwa igwe ojii gị kwa oge iji chọpụta ihe nwere ike ime nsogbu. Jiri ya ngwaọrụ nke CSP gị nyere wee tụlee nyocha nke ndị ọzọ maka echiche enweghị mmasị.
3. Chekwaa data gị
Were usoro nzuzo nzuzo siri ike maka data na ezumike na n'ụzọ. Njikwa igodo kwesịrị ekwesị dị mkpa iji zere ịnweta enweghị ikike. I kwesịkwara guzobe VPN na firewalls ka iwelie nchebe netwọk gị.
4. Mejuputa njirimara siri ike na njikwa ohere (IAM).
Sistemụ IAM, dị ka nyocha multi-factor (MFA), na-enye gị ohere ịnye ohere na mkpa-ịmara wee gbochie ndị ọrụ na-enwetaghị ikike ịbanye software na ngwaọrụ gị.
5. Na-aga n'ihu na-enyocha ihe ize ndụ cybersecurity gị
leverage Sistemụ nchekwa na njikwa mmemme (SIEM). na Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) maka nlekota oru na-aga n'ihu. Ngwa ndị a na-enye gị ohere ịzaghachi ngwa ngwa maka ọkwa ma ọ bụ mmebi ọ bụla.
6. Mepụta atụmatụ nzaghachi ihe mberede
Zụlite atụmatụ nzaghachi ihe omume akọwapụtara nke ọma wee hụ na ndị otu gị maara usoro a. Na-enyocha ma nwalee atụmatụ a mgbe niile iji hụ na ọ dị irè.
7. Na-eduzi nyocha na nyocha mgbe niile
Omume nyocha nche mgbe niile megide ụkpụrụ NIST wee mezie atumatu na usoro gị otu a. Nke a ga-ahụ na usoro nchekwa gị dị ugbu a ma dị irè.
8. Zụọ ndị ọrụ gị
Kwado ndị otu gị ihe ọmụma na nka dị mkpa na usoro nchekwa igwe ojii yana mkpa nnabata NIST dị.
9. Na-arụkọ ọrụ na CSP gị mgbe niile
Gị na CSP na-akpakọrịta mgbe niile gbasara omume nchekwa ha wee tụlee onyinye nchekwa ọ bụla ha nwere ike ịnwe.
10. Dekọọ ihe ndekọ nchekwa igwe ojii niile
Debe ndekọ nke ọma nke amụma, usoro na usoro metụtara nchekwa igwe ojii. Nke a nwere ike inye aka n'igosi nnabata NIST n'oge nyocha.
Ijikwa HailBytes maka nnabata NIST na igwe ojii
mgbe na-agbaso NIST Cybersecurity Framework bụ ụzọ magburu onwe ya iji chebe ma jikwaa ihe egwu cybersecurity, imezu NIST nrubeisi na igwe ojii nwere ike ịdị mgbagwoju anya. Ọ dabara nke ọma, ịkwesighi imeri mgbagwoju anya nke cybersecurity igwe ojii yana nrube isi NIST naanị.
Dịka ndị ọkachamara na akụrụngwa nchekwa igwe ojii, HailBytes ọ nọ ebe a iji nyere ọgbakọ gị aka iru ma jikwaa nrubeisi NIST. Anyị na-enye ngwaọrụ, ọrụ na ọzụzụ iji wusie ọnọdụ nchekwa cyber gị ike.
Ebumnuche anyị bụ ime ka ngwanrọ nchekwa mepere emepe dị mfe ịtọlite ma sie ike ịbanye. HailBytes na-enye ọtụtụ ụdị ngwaahịa cybersecurity na AWS iji nyere ọgbakọ gị aka imeziwanye nchekwa igwe ojii ya. Anyị na-enyekwa akụrụngwa mmụta cybersecurity n'efu iji nyere gị na ndị otu gị aka ịzụlite nghọta siri ike maka akụrụngwa nchekwa na njikwa ihe egwu.
Author
Zach Norton bụ ọkachamara n'ịre ahịa dijitalụ na onye ode akwụkwọ ọkachamara na Pentest-Tools.com, nwere ahụmịhe ọtụtụ afọ na cybersecurity, ide na imepụta ọdịnaya.
